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Gingival fibromatosis

W Chen1, X Chen

  • 1Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical University, Wuhan.

Journal of Tongji Medical University = Tong Ji Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao
|January 1, 1996
PubMed
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Gingival fibromatosis, a gum overgrowth condition, presents in two forms: hereditary and idiopathic. This report details 11 cases, highlighting clinical and microscopic features of this rare disorder.

Area of Science:

  • Dentistry
  • Oral Pathology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Gingival fibromatosis is a rare, benign oral condition characterized by slow, progressive enlargement of the gingiva.
  • It can be hereditary or idiopathic, often presenting during childhood or adolescence.
  • The enlargement can range from localized to generalized, affecting one or both dental arches.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a clinico-pathological report of 11 cases of gingival fibromatosis.
  • To describe the clinical presentation, onset, and etiological factors observed in these cases.
  • To detail the microscopic findings associated with gingival fibromatosis.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 11 patient cases diagnosed with gingival fibromatosis.
  • Review of clinical records, including patient history, age of onset, and clinical presentation.

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  • Examination of histopathological findings from gingival biopsies.

    • Main Results:

    • Two cases (18.2%) had a family history and early onset (age 3) with generalized gingival involvement.
    • Nine cases (81.8%) were idiopathic, with onset during various dentition periods and localized or generalized involvement.
    • Microscopic examination revealed well-developed fibrotic tissue with densely arranged fibers, few cells, diminished blood vessels, and minimal inflammatory cell infiltration.

    Conclusions:

    • Gingival fibromatosis exhibits diverse clinical presentations, with idiopathic cases being more common.
    • Histopathological features include dense fibrous connective tissue with minimal cellularity and inflammation.
    • Understanding these clinico-pathological characteristics is crucial for diagnosis and management.