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Chronic Pharyngitis

Chronic Pharyngitis

Chronic pharyngitis refers to persistent inflammation of the pharyngial mucosa.
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It often arises from persistent viral or bacterial infections affecting sinuses and tonsils.
Additional contributing factors include inadequate dental hygiene, mouth breathing, recurring tonsillitis, allergic rhinitis, laryngopharyngeal reflux, and exposure to smoke, chemicals, and other environmental pollutants. Allergic reactions to pollen, mold, and pet dander, chronic cough, excessive voice usage,...

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Suctioning the Nasopharyngeal Airway

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Updated: Dec 22, 2025

Endoscopic Cholesteatoma Surgery

Endoscopic Cholesteatoma Surgery

Published on: January 19, 2022

[Endoscopic sinus surgery for chronic sinusitis in children]

J Yang¹, N Yu, J Yang

¹China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing.

Zhonghua Er Bi Yan Hou Ke Za Zhi

|January 1, 1995

Summary

Endoscopic sinus surgery effectively treats childhood chronic maxillary sinusitis when medications fail. This minimally invasive approach resolves symptoms like nasal obstruction and discharge in most young patients.

Area of Science:

Otolaryngology
Pediatric Surgery
Rhinosinusitis Research

Context:

Childhood chronic sinusitis frequently involves the maxillary sinus.
Medical management and irrigation are often insufficient for pediatric cases.
Endoscopic middle meatal antrostomy is a surgical option for refractory sinusitis.

Purpose:

To evaluate the efficacy of endoscopic sinus surgery for childhood chronic maxillary sinusitis.
To assess symptom improvement following middle meatal antrostomy in pediatric patients.
To determine the suitability of endoscopic sinus surgery for complex pediatric sinusitis.

Summary:

Fifty-one children with chronic maxillary sinusitis unresponsive to conservative treatment underwent endoscopic middle meatal antrostomy.

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The majority of patients presented with maxillary sinusitis, with some also having middle turbinate edema, polyps, or ethmoiditis.

Postoperative improvements included resolution of headache in 20, nasal obstruction in 43, and yellowish discharge in 37 cases.

Impact:

Endoscopic sinus surgery demonstrates satisfactory results for treating pediatric chronic maxillary sinusitis.
This surgical technique offers an effective therapeutic solution for challenging pediatric sinusitis cases.
The study highlights endoscopic sinus surgery as a current ideal treatment for childhood chronic maxillary sinusitis.