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Published on: January 27, 2019

Antibiotic prophylaxis for infantile pyloromyotomy

S Nour1, A E MacKinnon, J A Dickson

  • 1Children's Hospital, Sheffield, UK.

Journal of the Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh
|June 1, 1996
PubMed

Insights

Antibiotic prophylaxis with Cefuroxime may reduce wound infections in infantile pyloromyotomy, though not significantly. This study assessed its value in preventing surgical site infections in infants with infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Surgery
  • Infectious Disease Prevention
  • Clinical Trials

Background:

  • Infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (IHPS) is a common surgical condition in infants.
  • Wound infections are a known complication of infantile pyloromyotomy.
  • Previous studies indicated a 12% wound infection rate in IHPS surgery.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of antibiotic prophylaxis in reducing surgical site infections after infantile pyloromyotomy.
  • To determine the source of bacterial contamination in IHPS surgery.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective randomized controlled study involving 150 infants undergoing pyloromyotomy.
  • Infants were assigned to receive Cefuroxime prophylaxis or no antibiotic treatment.
  • Bacterial cultures were obtained from the umbilicus and surgical wounds.

Main Results:

  • Eight infants developed wound infections (5.3% overall).
  • Three infections occurred in the antibiotic group versus five in the control group.
  • Umbilical cultures did not identify the umbilicus as the source of infection.

Conclusions:

  • Antibiotic prophylaxis showed a trend towards reducing wound infections in infantile pyloromyotomy.
  • The umbilicus is unlikely to be the primary source of surgical site infections in IHPS.
  • Further research may be needed to confirm the benefit of antibiotic prophylaxis.

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