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Related Experiment Videos

Primate brain evolution: genetic and functional considerations

E B Keverne1, F L Martel, C M Nevison

  • 1Sub-Department of Animal Behaviour, University of Cambridge, Madingley, U.K.

Proceedings. Biological Sciences
|June 22, 1996
PubMed
Summary

Genomic imprinting influences brain region evolution in primates. Maternal genome contributions correlate with forebrain expansion linked to complex behaviors, while paternal contributions relate to contracted regions influenced by hormones.

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Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary biology
  • Neuroscience
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Genomic imprinting causes differential gene expression from maternal and paternal genomes.
  • Primate brain evolution shows region-specific changes over phylogenetic time.
  • Maternal and paternal genomes differentially influence brain development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between genomic imprinting and differential brain region evolution in primates.
  • To explore how differential genomic contributions correlate with observed changes in brain structure.
  • To understand the evolutionary significance of maternal and paternal genome influences on primate brain development.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis of primate brain structures across phylogenetic lineages.

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  • Examination of genomic imprinting patterns in relation to brain region size.
  • Correlation of brain region development with maternal and paternal genome contributions.

    • Main Results:

    • Primate neocortex and striatum (maternally influenced) show relative expansion.
    • Primate hypothalamus and septum (paternally influenced) show relative contraction.
    • Expansion of maternal genome-influenced regions correlates with complex behavioral strategies.

    Conclusions:

    • Differential genomic imprinting has shaped primate brain evolution.
    • Maternal genome contributions are linked to the expansion of regions supporting complex behaviors.
    • Paternal genome contributions are associated with contracted regions influenced by gonadal hormones, reflecting altered reproductive strategies.