Eliminating metabolic abnormalities of portacaval shunting by restoring normal liver blood flow

Portacaval shunting causes a variety of anatomic, metabolic, and physiological changes. However, it has not been determined whether, and to what degree, these changes are permanent after a sustained period of shunting. We prepared three groups of rats for study of the recovery process. One group had side-to-side shunts for 3 wk, one group had side-to-side shunts for 2 wk followed by the restoration of normal liver circulation for 1 wk, and one group (control) had sham operations. Side-to-side shunting causes liver atrophy, increased plasma ammonia, altered plasma and brain amino acid spectra, decreased plasma glucose, and increased transport of neutral amino acids across the blood-brain barrier. After restoration of the normal pattern of liver circulation by shunt repair, the liver regained its normal size within 1 day. All abnormalities associated with liver dysfunction disappeared with the exception of plasma glucose, which remained approximately 15% lower than control values.