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Individual differences in intuitive-experiential and analytical-rational thinking styles

S Epstein1, R Pacini, V Denes-Raj

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst 01003, USA. sepstein@psych.umass.edu

Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
|August 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary
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This study introduces the Rational-Experiential Inventory (REI) to measure intuitive and analytical thinking styles. Findings support the REI

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Personality Psychology

Background:

  • Cognitive-Experiential Self-Theory (CEST) posits two independent modes of thinking: intuitive-experiential and analytical-rational.
  • Existing measures may not fully capture these distinct cognitive styles.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a reliable self-report measure, the Rational-Experiential Inventory (REI), assessing individual differences in intuitive and analytical thinking.
  • To examine the relationship between these thinking styles and other psychological constructs.

Main Methods:

  • Development of the REI, incorporating a modified Need for Cognition (NFC) scale and a new Faith in Intuition (FI) scale.
  • Two studies were conducted, including factor analysis to determine the underlying structure of the REI and correlational analyses with various psychological measures.

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Main Results:

  • Factor analysis confirmed two orthogonal factors in the REI, corresponding to NFC and FI, supporting the theoretical constructs of CEST.
  • Faith in Intuition (FI) was the primary predictor of heuristic processing, with Need for Cognition (NFC) also contributing.
  • NFC and FI demonstrated differential relationships with personality, adjustment, achievement, and interpersonal relations.

Conclusions:

  • The Rational-Experiential Inventory (REI) is a reliable and valid measure of intuitive-experiential and analytical-rational thinking styles.
  • These two thinking modes, as measured by the REI, are distinct and relate differently to important life outcomes.