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Related Experiment Videos

Perceived control over pain: individual differences and situational determinants

Kenneth D Craig1, Allan J Best

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C. V6T 1W5, Canada.

Pain
|April 1, 1977
PubMed
Summary

Individuals with a strong internal locus of control demonstrated higher pain tolerance. Social modeling significantly influenced pain behavior, with this effect persisting even after the model

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Pain Management
  • Behavioral Science

Background:

  • Perceived control significantly influences pain perception and tolerance.
  • Social modeling is a known factor affecting pain behavior.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of locus of control and social modeling on pain tolerance.
  • To differentiate between personal and environmental determinants of pain control.

Main Methods:

  • Fifty subjects were categorized by locus of control (internal/external).
  • Participants were exposed to electric shock pain under varying instructional conditions (personal vs. environmental control) and social modeling (tolerant, intolerant, or inactive model).

Main Results:

  • Internal locus of control was associated with greater pain tolerance.

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  • Social modeling effectively influenced pain exposure, with effects persisting post-disclosure.
  • Instructions emphasizing situational control did not alter pain behavior.

    • Conclusions:

    • Individual differences (locus of control) and situational factors (social modeling) interact to shape pain tolerance.
    • Social modeling serves as a potent, persistent influence on pain behavior.
    • Understanding these determinants is crucial for pain management strategies.