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Epiglottitis in adults

M J Carey1

  • 1Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Seattle, WA 98144, USA.

The American Journal of Emergency Medicine
|July 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Acute epiglottitis now primarily affects adults due to childhood immunization against Haemophilus influenzae. This review covers epiglottitis signs, symptoms, diagnosis, and emergency treatment, emphasizing microbiology and prophylaxis.

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Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Otolaryngology
  • Emergency Medicine

Background:

  • Acute epiglottitis, historically a pediatric disease, has shifted to predominantly affect adults.
  • This demographic change is likely linked to widespread childhood immunization programs targeting Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conduct a comprehensive literature review on acute epiglottitis.
  • To detail the clinical presentation, diagnostic strategies, and emergency department management of epiglottitis.
  • To discuss the microbiology and recommend prophylaxis for exposed individuals.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of existing literature on acute epiglottitis.
  • Analysis of reported signs, symptoms, and diagnostic findings.

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  • Evaluation of current treatment protocols and microbiological data.

    • Main Results:

    • Acute epiglottitis presents with specific signs and symptoms requiring prompt recognition.
    • Diagnostic approaches include clinical evaluation and imaging.
    • Effective management strategies in the emergency setting are crucial.

    Conclusions:

    • Adults are now the primary demographic for acute epiglottitis.
    • Understanding the microbiology is key to managing and preventing spread.
    • Prophylaxis for close contacts is essential to curb transmission.