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Diabetes and hyperglycaemia among patients with congestive cardiac failure in a multiethnic population
1University of Auckland.
Insights
Diabetes is a significant risk factor for congestive cardiac failure (CCF) in Maori and Pacific Islander populations. This contrasts with European patients, where ischemic heart disease is more prevalent than diabetes in CCF cases.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Endocrinology
- Public Health
Background:
- Congestive cardiac failure (CCF) is a significant health concern globally.
- Understanding comorbidities like diabetes is crucial for effective patient management.
- Disparities in cardiovascular disease risk factors exist across different ethnic groups.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence of known diabetes among patients diagnosed with congestive cardiac failure (CCF).
- To investigate ethnic variations in the risk factors for CCF, specifically diabetes and ischemic heart disease.
Main Methods:
- A retrospective chart review was conducted at Middlemore Hospital.
- Data was collected for patients with CCF between October 1992 and September 1993.
- Analysis included a random 30% of CCF patients without myocardial infarction and all CCF patients with myocardial infarction.
Main Results:
- Congestive cardiac failure (CCF) was identified in 15% of admissions (887 patients).
- Maori and Pacific Islander patients with CCF had a significantly higher prevalence of known diabetes (34-36%) compared to European patients (17%).
- Among Maori and Pacific Islander patients aged 40-59, approximately 50% had known diabetes.
Conclusions:
- Diabetes mellitus is a primary risk factor for developing congestive cardiac failure (CCF) in Maori and Pacific Islander populations.
- Ischemic heart disease is a less frequent risk factor for CCF in these ethnic groups compared to Europeans.
- These findings highlight the need for targeted interventions for diabetes management in at-risk ethnic groups to prevent CCF.
Aim:
To determine the proportion of patients with congestive cardiac failure (CCF) who also have known diabetes.
Method:
A retrospective review was undertaken of the charts of a randomly selected 30% of patients with congestive cardiac failure without myocardial infarction, and all patients with congestive cardiac failure with myocardial infarction, who attended Middlemore Hospital between 1 October 1992-30 September 1993.
Results:
Congestive cardiac failure was coded as present in 1130 (15%) of admissions for 887 (16%) patients. Myocardial infarction had occurred in 106 (12%) of these cases. European patients were older, were more likely to have a past history of angina or acute myocardial infarction (38.6% vs 13.1% Maori, 4% Pacific Is, p < 0.001) and less likely to have known diabetes (Europeans 17% vs 34% Maori, Pacific Is 36%, p < 0.05). Among those aged 40-59 years, the proportion of Maori and Pacific Islands patients with known diabetes was around 50%.
Conclusion:
Diabetes is a major risk factor for congestive cardiac failure among Maori and Pacific Islands patients. In contrast with Europeans, ischaemic heart disease is an infrequent risk factor in these patients.