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Related Experiment Videos

Neonatal withdrawal from maternal volatile substance abuse

M Tenenbein1, O G Casiro, M M Seshia

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.

Archives of Disease in Childhood. Fetal and Neonatal Edition
|May 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary

Neonates born to mothers abusing volatile substances may develop an abstinence syndrome. A characteristic chemical odor in the infant or mother can indicate risk, and phenobarbital treatment appears effective.

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Area of Science:

  • Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome
  • Substance Abuse in Pregnancy
  • Perinatal Health

Background:

  • Maternal volatile substance abuse poses risks to neonates.
  • Neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) requires identification and management.
  • Limited data exists on volatile substance abuse and neonatal outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the risk of abstinence syndrome in neonates exposed to volatile substances in utero.
  • To identify clinical markers and effective treatments for neonatal abstinence syndrome due to volatile substance abuse.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective study of infants born to mothers with volatile substance abuse.
  • Utilized the Finnegan Neonatal Abstinence Scoring System for clinical assessment.
  • Administered phenobarbital for treatment of confirmed cases.

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Main Results:

  • 32 out of 48 neonates required pharmacotherapy for abstinence syndrome.
  • A characteristic chemical odor was associated with higher incidence of NAS.
  • Phenobarbital treatment was effective in 17 out of 27 infants, with borderline benefit in 3 and no benefit in 7.

Conclusions:

  • An identifiable neonatal volatile substance abuse abstinence syndrome exists.
  • Maternal or neonatal chemical odor is a significant marker for NAS.
  • Phenobarbital is an effective treatment, and the Finnegan Scoring System aids in severity assessment.