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Related Experiment Videos

[Diffuse alveolar septal amyloidosis associated with multiple myeloma (IgA lambda type)]

Y Ishiura1, M Fujimura, S Minami

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, Inami General Hospital, Toyama, Japan.

Nihon Kyobu Shikkan Gakkai Zasshi
|March 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary
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This study reports a rare case of diffuse alveolar septal amyloidosis in a 75-year-old man with multiple myeloma. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid analysis revealed IgA-lambda paraprotein, aiding diagnosis.

Area of Science:

  • Pulmonary Medicine
  • Hematology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Multiple myeloma can manifest with various extrapulmonary complications.
  • Amyloidosis is a condition characterized by the abnormal deposition of proteins in organs.
  • Diffuse alveolar septal amyloidosis is a rare manifestation affecting lung function.

Observation:

  • A 75-year-old male patient with multiple myeloma presented with fever and respiratory distress.
  • Chest roentgenogram revealed interstitial lung shadows.
  • Transbronchial lung biopsy confirmed diffuse amyloid infiltration in alveolar walls.

Findings:

  • Analysis of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid identified an IgA-lambda paraprotein.
  • The IgA/albumin ratio in lavage fluid was comparable to serum levels.

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  • Plasma cells were not detected in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid samples.

    • Implications:

    • This case highlights the utility of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid analysis in diagnosing diffuse alveolar septal amyloidosis.
    • It represents a novel documented instance of this diagnostic approach in Japan.
    • Further research may elucidate the role of specific paraproteins in pulmonary amyloidosis pathogenesis.