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Updated: Aug 15, 2026

Real-time Electrophysiology: Using Closed-loop Protocols to Probe Neuronal Dynamics and Beyond
Published on: June 24, 2015
Electrophysiology in the locked-in-syndrome
E Gütling1, S Isenmann, W Wichmann
1Department of Neurology, Neuropathology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Zürich, Switzerland.
Abstract:
We investigated five patients with a locked-in-syndrome (LIS) and reported the clinical, electrophysiologic, neuroradiologic, and neuropathologic findings. EEG reactivity was present in two and absent in three cases. Somatosensory evoked potentials (SEP) varied from unilaterally normal to bilaterally absent. We conclude that there is no specific pattern of SEP abnormality characteristic of LIS and that EEG reactivity cannot be taken as a sole measure of consciousness.
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