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Age-dependent decline of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
1Addiction Research Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA.
Objective:
This study was undertaken to assess whether the diagnosis of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is retained from childhood into adulthood.
Method:
A search of the literature yielded nine prospective studies in which cohorts of children with the disorder were formed and then reexamined 4-16 years later to determine the level of retained ADHD. The resulting data were subjected to nonlinear regression analysis to ascertain the relationship with chronological age.
Results:
The data followed an exponential decline over time to a high degree of accuracy.
Conclusions:
The rate of ADHD in a given age group appears to decline by 50% approximately every 5 years. If a prevalence of ADHD in childhood of 4% is assumed and the exponential decline extrapolated, the estimated rate of adult ADHD ranges from about 0.8% at age 20 to 0.05% at age 40.