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The abdominal compartment syndrome

J M Burch1, E E Moore, F A Moore

  • 1Denver General Hospital, Colorado, USA.

The Surgical Clinics of North America
|August 1, 1996
PubMed
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Abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) arises from increased abdominal pressure, often due to hemorrhage. Prompt surgical decompression can reverse complications like respiratory and renal failure, preventing fatal outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Critical care medicine
  • Surgical pathology

Background:

  • Abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) is a severe condition resulting from elevated intra-abdominal pressure.
  • Intra-abdominal hemorrhage is a common cause of increased intra-abdominal pressure leading to ACS.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize the pathophysiology, complications, and management of abdominal compartment syndrome.
  • To highlight the critical importance of timely diagnosis and intervention in ACS.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on abdominal compartment syndrome.
  • Analysis of clinical presentations and outcomes associated with ACS.

Main Results:

  • The primary cause of ACS is a rapid rise in intra-abdominal pressure, frequently linked to intra-abdominal bleeding.

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  • Respiratory and renal failure are the most prevalent and serious complications of ACS.
  • Surgical decompression of the abdomen effectively reverses ACS-related complications.

    • Conclusions:

    • Early recognition and prompt surgical decompression are crucial for managing abdominal compartment syndrome.
    • Untreated or delayed treatment of ACS leads to a high mortality rate.