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Interhemispheric transfer time differences related to aging and gender

M A Jeeves1, P Moes

  • 1Psychological Laboratory, University of St Andrews, Fife, U.K.

Neuropsychologia
|July 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary

Aging slows interhemispheric transfer time, as indicated by an increased crossed-uncrossed difference (CUD) in elderly individuals. This age-related decline in corpus callosum efficiency was most pronounced in elderly females.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • The crossed-uncrossed difference (CUD) measures interhemispheric transfer time (IHTT) using simple reaction times.
  • Corpus callosum size and function variations correlate with CUD, impacting brain communication.
  • Elderly individuals may experience corpus callosum size reduction, particularly in anterior regions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of aging on interhemispheric transfer efficiency.
  • To determine if corpus callosum changes with age affect cognitive processing speed.

Main Methods:

  • Obtained CUD measurements from elderly (60+ years) and younger (18-30 years) adult subjects.
  • Compared CUDs between age groups and by gender.
  • Analyzed reaction times to stimuli presented in visual fields contralateral and ipsilateral to the response hand.

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Main Results:

  • Elderly subjects exhibited significantly longer CUDs than younger subjects, indicating slower interhemispheric transfer.
  • Elderly females showed the most substantial increase in CUD.
  • A consistent right visual field advantage and larger CUD for right-hand responses were observed across all groups.

Conclusions:

  • Aging is associated with reduced interhemispheric transfer efficiency, potentially due to corpus callosum changes.
  • Cognitive processing speed, specifically interhemispheric communication, may decline with age.
  • Further research is needed to understand the sex-specific effects and the right-field advantage in reaction time.