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Mucosal protection through active intestinal secretion: neural and paracrine modulation by 5-hydroxytryptamine
1Department of Veterinary PathoBiology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul 55108-6009, USA. brown013@maroon.tc.umn.edu
Behavioural Brain Research
|January 1, 1996
Summary
5-Hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) stimulates intestinal secretion by acting on epithelial and neuronal receptors. This action aids in pathogen elimination and influences conditions like diarrhea and laxation.
Area of Science:
- Gastroenterology
- Neurogastroenterology
- Molecular Pharmacology
Background:
- 5-Hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) is prevalent in the digestive tract's enteroendocrine cells and neurons.
- It plays a crucial role in regulating intestinal functions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To elucidate the mechanisms by which 5-HT influences intestinal secretion.
- To understand the role of 5-HT in various gastrointestinal conditions.
Main Methods:
- Investigation of 5-HT's effects on intestinal epithelial and neuronal pathways.
- Analysis of receptor-mediated signaling cascades.
Main Results:
- 5-HT stimulates active anion secretion in the intestinal epithelium, promoting pathogen clearance.
- Epithelial 5-HT2 receptors linked to phosphatidylinositol turnover are involved.
- 5-HT also interacts with 5-HT3 or 5-HT4 receptors on submucosal neurons, increasing secretion.
Conclusions:
- 5-HT acts as a significant intestinal secretagogue.
- It plays a role in diarrheal states, laxation, and hypersensitivity reactions.
- Further research is needed to fully understand the cellular mechanisms of 5-HT in mucosal ion transport.