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Psychological consequences of screening mammography
J Cockburn1, M Staples, S F Hurley
1Centre for Behavioural Research in Cancer, Anti-Cancer Council of Victoria, Australia.
Journal of Medical Screening
|January 1, 1994
Summary
Women recalled for further mammography screening experienced temporary emotional and physical distress. Accurate mammogram readings and accessible counseling are crucial to minimize psychological impacts.
Area of Science:
- Medical Imaging
- Psychology
- Public Health
Background:
- Mammography screening is a key tool for early breast cancer detection.
- Understanding the psychological impact of the screening process is vital for patient care.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the psychological consequences experienced by women at various stages of the mammography screening process.
- To assess emotional, social, and physical functioning in women undergoing screening mammography.
Main Methods:
- A pilot mammographic screening program in Melbourne, Australia, was utilized.
- The Psychological Consequences Questionnaire (PCQ) measured functioning in screening, recalled, and control groups.
- Data were collected at multiple time points, including pre-results, post-results, and follow-up intervals.
Main Results:
- Women in the screening group (no abnormality detected) showed no significant changes in functioning compared to controls.
- Women recalled for further investigation (benign abnormality) reported significant emotional and physical distress, peaking while awaiting results.
- This distress resolved by eight months post-screening, with social functioning remaining consistent across all groups.
Conclusions:
- A significant proportion of women may experience psychological distress due to false positive mammogram recalls.
- Minimizing false positive recall rates through accurate mammogram interpretation is essential.
- Providing accessible counseling services at recall assessment centers is recommended to support affected women.