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Abruptio placentae and perinatal death: a prospective study

R L Naeye, W L Harkness, J Utts

    American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology
    |August 1, 1977
    PubMed
    Summary

    Abruptio placentae is linked to nearly 4 perinatal deaths per 1,000 births. Maternal smoking, low weight gain, and poor nutrition may contribute to this condition and fetal growth issues.

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    Area of Science:

    • Obstetrics and Gynecology
    • Perinatal Medicine
    • Maternal-Fetal Medicine

    Background:

    • Abruptio placentae is a significant cause of perinatal mortality.
    • Understanding risk factors and placental pathology is crucial for improving outcomes.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the perinatal mortality rate associated with abruptio placentae.
    • To identify characteristic placental abnormalities and associated maternal factors in fatal cases.
    • To explore potential contributions of maternal nutrition and lifestyle to abruptio placentae.

    Main Methods:

    • A large prospective study was conducted.
    • Perinatal deaths were analyzed in relation to abruptio placentae.
    • Placental abnormalities were examined in fatal cases.
    • Maternal factors including hypertension, cigarette smoking, and weight gain were assessed.

    Main Results:

    • Abruptio placentae accounted for 3.96 perinatal deaths per 1,000 births.
    • Intrapartum maternal hypertension was noted in fatal cases.
    • Characteristic placental findings included decidual necrosis and large infarcts.
    • Decidual necrosis correlated with maternal smoking and low pregnancy weight gain.
    • Died fetuses/neonates showed growth retardation indicative of antenatal undernutrition.

    Conclusions:

    • Abruptio placentae is a major contributor to perinatal death.
    • Maternal cigarette smoking and inadequate weight gain are associated with placental damage.
    • Poor maternal nutrition may play a role in the development of abruptio placentae.
    • Intrapartum hypertension is a feature of fatal abruptio placentae cases.

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