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Evaluation of the genotoxic potential of flumethrin in mouse bone marrow by chromosomal analysis and micronucleus
E Nakano1, M N Rabello-Gay, C A Pereira
1Laboratório de Biologia Celular, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, Brazil.
Abstract:
The genotoxic potential of the pyrethroid flumethrin was evaluated by using the combined protocol of metaphase analysis and micronucleus test in vivo in mouse bone marrow. The dermal route was tested in a single treatment and the intraperitoneal (i.p.) route in a single and a multiple treatment. Flumethrin showed a cytotoxic effect on both myelopoiesis and erythropoiesis, as evidenced by a reduction in the mitotic index and in polychromatic erythrocyte values. An increase in the frequency of gaps after the dermal exposure and of breaks only at the highest dose tested in the i.p. treatment indicates a weak clastogenic potential of the compound. A significant increase in the frequency of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes was observed after single and multiple i.p. treatments. In the latter, the induction of micronuclei was highly significant but not accompanied by an increase in breaks. This may indicate that the clastogenic effect might not account by itself for the induction of micronuclei, which could also have arisen from an aneugenic potential of flumethrin.
Insights
Flumethrin exhibits weak genotoxicity in mice, causing cytotoxic effects and potential DNA damage. Further research is needed to understand its aneugenic potential.
Area of Science:
- Toxicology
- Genetics
Background:
- Pyrethroids are widely used insecticides.
- Understanding the genotoxic potential of flumethrin is crucial for risk assessment.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the genotoxic potential of flumethrin in vivo.
- To assess cytotoxic and clastogenic effects via dermal and intraperitoneal routes.
Main Methods:
- Combined in vivo mouse bone marrow analysis: metaphase analysis and micronucleus test.
- Dermal and intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration routes.
- Single and multiple i.p. treatment protocols.
Main Results:
- Flumethrin induced cytotoxicity, reducing mitotic index and polychromatic erythrocyte counts.
- Weak clastogenic effects (gaps, breaks) observed at specific doses and routes.
- Significant increase in micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes after i.p. treatments, suggesting potential aneugenicity.
Conclusions:
- Flumethrin demonstrates cytotoxic effects and weak clastogenic potential.
- The induction of micronuclei, particularly after multiple i.p. treatments, may involve aneugenic mechanisms.
- Further investigation into flumethrin's aneugenic activity is warranted.