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Related Experiment Videos

Apolipoprotein E polymorphism and LDL size in a biethnic population

S M Haffner1, M P Stern, H Miettinen

  • 1Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio 78284-7873, USA.

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology
|September 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary

The apolipoprotein E4 (apoE4) phenotype is linked to higher LDL cholesterol and smaller LDL particle size. This association between apoE phenotype and LDL size persists even after accounting for other cardiovascular risk factors.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Genetics
  • Lipid Metabolism
  • Atherosclerosis Research

Background:

  • Apolipoprotein E (apoE) phenotype, particularly the E4 variant, is a known risk factor for cardiovascular disease.
  • Elevated low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol concentrations are associated with apoE4, but its impact on LDL particle size is less understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between apolipoprotein E (apoE) phenotype and LDL particle size.
  • To determine if apoE phenotype influences LDL size independently of other cardiovascular risk factors.

Main Methods:

  • Gradient gel electrophoresis was used to determine LDL size.
  • Isoelectric focusing was employed to identify apoE phenotypes.
  • Analysis was conducted on 337 nondiabetic subjects from the San Antonio Heart Study.

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Main Results:

  • The apoE4 phenotype was associated with increased LDL cholesterol concentrations.
  • ApoE4 was also significantly associated with decreased LDL particle size in both men and women.
  • This relationship between apoE phenotype and LDL size remained significant after adjusting for age, sex, BMI, waist-to-hip ratio, triglycerides, HDL cholesterol, fasting insulin, and diabetic status.

Conclusions:

  • Apolipoprotein E phenotype variations influence not only LDL cholesterol levels but also LDL particle composition and size.
  • These findings suggest that apoE genotype plays a role in determining LDL particle characteristics, potentially contributing to cardiovascular risk.