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Spinal interneurons in the baroreceptor reflex arc

R B McCall, G L Gebber, S M Barman

    The American Journal of Physiology
    |June 1, 1977
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Researchers identified spinal cord interneurons involved in blood pressure regulation. These neurons, located near the intermediomedial nucleus, play a key role in the baroreceptor reflex pathway, influencing sympathetic activity.

    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Cardiovascular Physiology
    • Spinal Cord Research

    Background:

    • The baroreceptor reflex is crucial for regulating blood pressure.
    • Understanding the spinal cord's role in this reflex is essential for cardiovascular control.
    • Interneurons in the thoracic spinal cord mediate sympathoinhibition.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To locate interneurons in the cat thoracic spinal cord involved in baroreceptor-induced sympathoinhibition.
    • To elucidate the pathway mediating the spinal component of the baroreceptor reflex arc.

    Main Methods:

    • Exploration of the cat thoracic spinal cord zona intermedia using metal microelectrodes.
    • Recording neuronal discharges and their interruption during common carotid artery occlusion.
    • Correlating neuronal discharges with the R wave of the electrocardiogram (ECG).

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  • Stimulating depressor sites in the nucleus of the tractus solitarius (NTS).

    • Main Results:

    • Twenty-nine neurons were identified near the intermediomedial nucleus (IMM) whose discharges were interrupted during carotid artery occlusion.
    • Ten of these neurons exhibited spontaneous discharges synchronized with the ECG's R wave.
    • Spinal neurons were activated by stimulation of depressor sites in the NTS.
    • Inhibitory interneurons received input from sympathetic afferents in the inferior cardiac nerve.

    Conclusions:

    • Bulbospinal fibers of the baroreceptor reflex arc likely terminate on and excite interneurons near the IMM.
    • These interneurons are postulated to directly inhibit sympathoexcitatory pathways in the intermediolateral spinal nucleus.
    • The identified inhibitory interneurons receive auxiliary input from sympathetic afferents.