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Theory of phase formation in aqueous two-phase systems
1Biotechnology Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA.
Summary
Choosing a mathematical model for aqueous two-phase systems is challenging due to diverse options. This review critically evaluates various models, aiding users in selecting the best fit for their specific research needs.
Area of Science:
- Physical Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering
- Thermodynamics
Background:
- Numerous mathematical models exist for phase equilibria in aqueous two-phase systems.
- Model selection is complicated by the apparent comparable performance of most available models.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review principal mathematical models for aqueous two-phase systems.
- To critically evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of different modeling approaches.
- To provide guidance for users in selecting appropriate models.
Main Methods:
- Review of theoretical frameworks including osmotic viral expansions, lattice theory, group contribution, scaling ideas, excluded volume, and electrostatics.
- Critical evaluation of the performance and applicability of each modeling approach.
- Discussion of factors influencing model selection based on intended use.
Main Results:
- Most models perform reasonably well, making selection difficult.
- Each model excels in representing specific aspects of system behavior.
- Model choice requires careful consideration of the intended application and desired outcomes.
Conclusions:
- A sophisticated approach is needed to choose the optimal model for aqueous two-phase systems.
- Understanding the strengths of each model is crucial for effective application.
- Future research should focus on refining models and addressing specific system behaviors.