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The growth hormone axis: control and effects

J Argente1, J Pozo, J A Chowen

  • 1Universidad Autónoma, Madrid, Spain.

Hormone Research
|January 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary

Recent advances illuminate the complex regulation of the growth hormone (GH) axis. Key discoveries include new peptides, receptor genes, and transcription factors influencing GH secretion.

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Neuroendocrinology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • The growth hormone (GH) axis regulation involves complex interactions.
  • Neurotransmitters and neuropeptides play a role in GH secretion control.
  • The precise roles of substances like serotonin, GABA, and dopamine are still debated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advances in understanding the GH axis.
  • To highlight newly identified peptides and their functions.
  • To discuss progress in identifying genetic and molecular regulators of GH.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent research on the GH axis.
  • Identification and characterization of novel peptides involved in GH regulation.
  • Analysis of gene cloning for receptors and transcription factors.

Main Results:

  • Pituitary adenylate cyclase activating peptide (PACAP) identified as a potential GH regulator.
  • Synthetic GH-releasing peptides (GHRPs) 1, 2, and 6 discovered.
  • Cloning of growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) receptor and somatostatin receptor genes.
  • Identification of pituitary-specific transcription factors for GH gene expression.
  • Advances in understanding insulin-like growth factor-binding proteins (IGFBPs) and GH-binding proteins (GHBPs).

Conclusions:

  • Significant progress has been made in elucidating the GH axis.
  • New molecular players and regulatory mechanisms have been identified.
  • Further research is needed to fully understand the roles of various peptides and factors.

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