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Static Adhesion Assay for the Study of Integrin Activation in T Lymphocytes
Published on: June 13, 2014
Mucosal addressin cell adhesion molecule-1: a structural and functional analysis demarcates the integrin binding
1Department of Immunology, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA.
Journal of Immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)
|September 15, 1996
Summary
Mucosal addressin cell adhesion molecule-1 (MAdCAM-1) increases in inflamed intestines, mediating leukocyte trafficking. Specific residues (LDT) on MAdCAM-1 are crucial for alpha 4 beta 7 integrin binding and cell activation.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Cell Biology
- Gastroenterology
Background:
- Leukocyte trafficking to the gut is vital for immune surveillance.
- Alpha 4 beta 7 integrin and MAdCAM-1 are key molecules in lymphocyte homing to normal intestinal tissue.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate MAdCAM-1 expression in inflamed intestine.
- To characterize the molecular interaction between MAdCAM-1 and alpha 4 beta 7 integrin.
Main Methods:
- Utilized mouse models of experimentally induced colitis.
- Analyzed chimeric recombinant MAdCAM-1 proteins in vitro.
- Employed site-directed mutagenesis and molecular modeling.
Main Results:
- MAdCAM-1 expression and cellular infiltrates increase in inflamed intestinal areas.
- Identified a three-residue motif (LDT) in MAdCAM-1's first domain crucial for alpha 4 beta 7 binding.
- Mutating L40, D41, or T42 abrogated alpha 4 beta 7+ cell binding and activation.
- Modeled peptides selectively blocked MAdCAM-1 and alpha 4 beta 7 interactions.
Conclusions:
- MAdCAM-1 plays a significant role in intestinal inflammation.
- The LDT motif on MAdCAM-1 is essential for alpha 4 beta 7 integrin-mediated cell adhesion and activation.
- Targeting this interaction may offer therapeutic strategies for inflammatory conditions.
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