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Related Experiment Videos

Thermal balance in infants

D P Bolton1, E A Nelson, B J Taylor

  • 1Department of Physiology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand. david.bolton@stonebow.otago.ac.nz

Journal of Applied Physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985)
|June 1, 1996
PubMed
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This study presents a heat balance model to optimize infant wrapping for safe thermal environments. Proper clothing and positioning are crucial for preventing overheating or chilling in infants up to six months old.

Area of Science:

  • Infant physiology
  • Thermal regulation
  • Environmental health

Background:

  • Infant thermal balance is critical for health and survival.
  • Inappropriate infant wrapping can lead to hyperthermia or hypothermia.
  • Understanding heat exchange is essential for safe infant care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a theoretical model for infant heat balance.
  • To clarify the relationship between infant wrapping and environmental temperature.
  • To provide guidelines for preventing thermal stress in infants.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a theoretical heat balance model for infants.
  • Calculated heat input and loss for 22 body surface areas.
  • Modeled variations based on core temperature, posture, and sweating.

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  • Iteratively calculated skin temperature and total heat loss.

    • Main Results:

    • Calculated highest tolerable ambient temperature (HTAT) for various wrapping scenarios.
    • Demonstrated that infant posture significantly impacts HTAT (face down vs. supine).
    • Provided representative tolerable temperature ranges for the first six months of life.

    Conclusions:

    • The model aids in matching infant wrapping to environmental conditions.
    • Infant positioning is a key factor in thermal regulation.
    • Recommendations are provided to avoid hyperthermia and ensure infant safety.