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Thermoforming polymethyl methacrylate

R G Jagger¹, A Okdeh

¹Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental School, University of Wales College of Medicine, Cardiff, South Wales, United Kingdom.

The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry

|November 1, 1995

Summary

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This study optimized thermoforming for polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) sheets, finding Perspex suitable due to its high molecular weight. A specific preheating method achieved satisfactory thermoformed PMMA specimens.

Area of Science:

Materials Science
Polymer Engineering

Background:

Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) is widely used, but its thermoforming requires specific material properties.
Variations in molecular weight, residual monomer, and glass transition temperature affect PMMA processability.

Purpose of the Study:

To characterize commercial PMMA sheets for thermoforming suitability.
To develop an optimized thermoforming procedure for PMMA.

Main Methods:

Characterization of PMMA sheets: molecular weight, residual monomer content, glass transition temperature.
Development and testing of a thermoforming procedure.
Optimization of preheating parameters for Perspex PMMA.

Main Results:

Perspex exhibited significantly higher molecular weight compared to other PMMA materials.

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All tested materials, except Diakon, had <1% residual monomer and >100°C glass transition temperature.

A preheating protocol of 160°C for 30 minutes was essential for satisfactory Perspex thermoforming.

Conclusions:

Perspex PMMA is a suitable material for thermoforming due to its properties.
Optimized preheating is critical for achieving high-quality thermoformed PMMA parts.