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Apical root resorption in orthodontically treated adults

S Baumrind1, E L Korn, R L Boyd

  • 1University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersery, Newark, USA.

American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics : Official Publication of the American Association of Orthodontists, Its Constituent Societies, and the American Board of Orthodontics
|September 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary

Orthodontic treatment can cause apical root resorption, particularly with incisor retraction. Gender and tooth movement explain about a third of this root resorption in adults.

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Area of Science:

  • Orthodontics
  • Dental Imaging
  • Periodontology

Background:

  • Apical root resorption is a common side effect of orthodontic treatment.
  • Understanding factors influencing root resorption is crucial for treatment planning and patient outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the relationship between upper central incisor displacement and apical root resorption in orthodontically treated adults.
  • To identify specific tooth movements and patient factors associated with root resorption.

Main Methods:

  • Multiple linear regression analysis of lateral cephalograms and anterior periapical x-rays.
  • Examination of incisor displacements in four directions (retraction, advancement, intrusion, extrusion).
  • Univariate analyses of 14 additional treatment-related variables, including gender, elapsed time, and total apical displacement.

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Main Results:

  • Incisor retraction was significantly associated with increased apical root resorption (0.49 mm per mm of retraction).
  • Gender, elapsed time, and total apical displacement showed significant associations with resorption individually.
  • Including gender with directional displacement variables increased the explained variability in resorption to 35% (R2 = 0.35).

Conclusions:

  • Tooth displacement alone accounts for a small portion of apical root resorption.
  • Gender is a significant factor, and its inclusion improves the prediction of root resorption.
  • Further research is needed to fully elucidate the multifactorial nature of apical root resorption during orthodontic treatment.