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Long-term catheterization of the bladder: prevalence and morbidity
J Kohler-Ockmore1, R C Feneley
1Bristol Urological Institute, Southmead Hospital, UK.
British Journal of Urology
|March 1, 1996
Summary
Long-term urinary bladder catheterization (LTC) is prevalent and causes significant morbidity, including blockage and discomfort. Further research is needed to improve management and reduce complications for elderly and debilitated patients.
Area of Science:
- Urology
- Geriatrics
- Public Health
Background:
- Long-term catheterization (LTC) is a common procedure for managing urinary incontinence.
- The prevalence and associated complications of LTC require investigation to optimize patient care.
Purpose of the Study:
- To estimate the prevalence and morbidity of long-term urinary bladder catheterization (LTC).
Main Methods:
- A two-year postal survey in Bristol Health Districts determined LTC incidence.
- A 6-month monitoring period recorded emergency referrals for LTC complications.
- A detailed 12-week study of 54 patients assessed catheter management, complications, patient attitudes, and urine parameters.
Main Results:
- Surveys identified 457-467 patients with LTC annually.
- 506 emergency referrals for LTC complications were recorded in 6 months.
- Among 54 patients studied, 48% experienced catheter blockage, 37% urine by-passing, and 30% hematuria. Blockage correlated with bladder stones, high urinary pH, and Proteus spp.
Conclusions:
- LTC has high prevalence and morbidity, straining nursing services.
- Elderly, disabled, or debilitated patients are most affected.
- Improved training in catheterization and management, plus research into reducing blockage and encrustation, are essential.