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Genetic markers in Welsh gypsies

P S Harper, E M Williams, E Sunderland

    Journal of Medical Genetics
    |June 1, 1977
    PubMed
    Summary

    Genetic studies of Welsh gypsies reveal distinct haptoglobin gene frequencies compared to the British population, suggesting genetic divergence in European gypsy groups due to isolation and inbreeding.

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    Area of Science:

    • Population genetics
    • Human genetics
    • Anthropology

    Background:

    • Gypsy populations exhibit unique genetic profiles due to historical migration and social structures.
    • Inbreeding and isolation can lead to genetic divergence within populations.
    • Welsh gypsies are known for a high incidence of phenylketonuria and other recessive genetic disorders.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To analyze polymorphic genetic markers in 84 Welsh gypsies.
    • To compare genetic data with other European gypsy populations and the general British population.
    • To investigate the genetic structure and divergence of European gypsy groups.

    Main Methods:

    • Analysis of 16 polymorphic genetic loci.
    • Examination of gene frequencies for ABO blood groups and haptoglobin.
    • Comparison of data with existing studies on gypsy and British populations.

    Main Results:

    • ABO blood group distribution in Welsh gypsies was similar to the surrounding population, with a B gene frequency of 7.5%.
    • Haptoglobin 1 gene frequency (23.7%) was significantly different from the British population, aligning with Indian and other gypsy groups.
    • Genetic data suggest divergence among European gypsy populations.

    Conclusions:

    • Welsh gypsies display a unique genetic profile, particularly in haptoglobin gene frequencies.
    • Genetic divergence in European gypsies may be exacerbated by dispersal, isolation, and inbreeding.
    • Further research into the genetic structure of dispersed populations is warranted.

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