Intrathoracic muscle transposition. Surgical anatomy and techniques of harvest

The transposition of extrathoracic muscle and soft tissue to the thoracic cavity is well established in the treatment of various congenital and acquired thoracic conditions. Precise understanding of the surgical anatomy of these muscles/soft tissues is vital to the safe and effective utilization of these techniques. Their use follows the basic surgical principles of tissue repair without tension, filling dead space, and using well-vascularized tissues for surgical closures. Close cooperation between the thoracic surgeon and the plastic surgeon is vital in the treatment of these difficult, and sometimes life-threatening, situations.