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Herpesviruses and AIDS

P D Griffiths1

  • 1Virology Department, Royal Free Hospital School of Medicine, London, UK.

The Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy
|May 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Herpesviruses can interact with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), potentially increasing HIV expression. Antiviral drugs targeting herpesviruses may offer clinical benefits, though the exact mechanisms are debated.

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Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Immunology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Herpesviruses and retroviruses, like HIV, are taxonomically distinct but can interact.
  • In vitro studies show herpesviruses can up-regulate HIV gene expression and transmissibility.
  • HIV-induced immunosuppression can lead to reactivation of latent herpesviruses, causing opportunistic diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the bidirectional interactions between herpesviruses and HIV.
  • To explore the in vitro mechanisms of herpesvirus-mediated HIV modulation.
  • To assess the potential clinical implications of these interactions, particularly regarding antiviral therapy.

Main Methods:

  • Review of in vitro experimental findings on herpesvirus-HIV interactions.
  • Analysis of evidence for in vivo correlates of these interactions in humans.

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  • Examination of clinical trial data potentially related to herpesvirus-HIV dynamics.

    • Main Results:

    • Herpesviruses can enhance HIV replication and transmission through mechanisms like transactivation and CD4 up-regulation.
    • Reactivation of herpesviruses during HIV infection can lead to severe opportunistic infections.
    • Evidence suggests herpesviruses may activate HIV in vivo, but this remains difficult to study definitively in humans.

    Conclusions:

    • Herpesvirus-HIV interactions are complex, with potential implications for HIV pathogenesis and treatment.
    • Antiviral therapies targeting herpesviruses might offer clinical benefits in HIV-infected individuals.
    • The precise contribution of herpesvirus reactivation versus direct HIV activation to clinical outcomes is still controversial.