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Related Experiment Videos

Working memory in chess

T W Robbins1, E J Anderson, D R Barker

  • 1University of Cambridge, England.

Memory & Cognition
|January 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Working memory

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Human-Computer Interaction

Background:

  • Chess expertise is often linked to cognitive abilities, particularly working memory.
  • The specific roles of working memory components in chess cognition remain incompletely understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the distinct contributions of working memory components (articulatory loop, visuospatial sketchpad, central executive) to chess thinking.
  • To examine how these components influence both memory for chess positions and tactical move selection.
  • To compare the impact of secondary tasks on chess performance across different working memory components and player skill levels.

Main Methods:

  • Three experiments employed secondary tasks to disrupt specific working memory components (articulatory loop, visuospatial sketchpad, central executive) during chess-related tasks.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Tasks included immediate recall of chess positions and tactical move selection.
  • Player abilities were assessed, and comparisons were made between different secondary task types (verbal vs. spatial) and primary task demands.

    • Main Results:

    • Blocking the visuospatial sketchpad and central executive disrupted chess memory recall, while the articulatory loop did not.
    • Tactical move selection was significantly impaired by central executive disruption.
    • No significant differences in working memory component impact were found between players of varying skill levels.
    • Chess tasks differentially impacted spatial secondary tasks more than verbal ones.

    Conclusions:

    • The central executive and visuospatial sketchpad are crucial for chess cognition, particularly for tactical decision-making and memory.
    • Working memory's role in chess thinking is not solely dependent on player skill level.
    • Findings support the working memory model's framework for understanding complex cognitive tasks like chess.