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Lung abscess in patients with AIDS

A C Furman1, J Jacobs, K A Sepkowitz

  • 1Division of Infectious Diseases and International Medicine, Cornell University Medical College, New York, New York, USA.

Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America
|January 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary

Lung abscess in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is linked to advanced disease and a wide range of pathogens. These infections have a poor prognosis, with high rates of recurrence and mortality.

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Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Pulmonology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Lung abscess is a serious complication in patients with advanced human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection.
  • Patients often have a history of opportunistic or pulmonary infections, indicating compromised immune status.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the clinical characteristics, microbiological etiology, treatment, and outcomes of lung abscess in patients with HIV infection.
  • To understand the spectrum of pathogens involved and the prognostic factors associated with this condition.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 31 patients diagnosed with HIV infection and lung abscess.
  • Review of patient records for clinical presentation, CD4 cell counts, previous infections, microbiological findings, treatment regimens, and patient outcomes.

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Main Results:

  • All patients had advanced HIV disease (mean CD4 count 17/mm3).
  • Common pathogens included bacteria (e.g., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Streptococcus pneumoniae) and Pneumocystis carinii.
  • Outcomes were poor, with 36% recurrence and 19% mortality, despite antibiotic and antituberculous therapy.

Conclusions:

  • Lung abscess in HIV-infected patients is associated with severe immunodeficiency and a diverse range of pathogens.
  • The condition carries a poor prognosis with a high likelihood of recurrence and death.
  • Effective treatment strategies and improved outcomes require further investigation.