Solving the problem of pressure ulcers resulting from cervical collars

Area of Science:

• Trauma care
• Dermatology
• Medical device engineering

Background:

• Cervical orthotic devices (collars) are crucial for treating cervical spine fractures.
• Prolonged use and collar design contribute to pressure ulcer development, particularly on the occipital protuberance and chin.
• A study revealed that 2% of hospital-acquired pressure ulcers were linked to cervical collars.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the prevalence and causes of pressure ulcers associated with cervical collars.
• To implement and evaluate interventions to reduce cervical collar-induced skin breakdown.

Main Methods:

• A multidisciplinary team utilized a fishbone diagram to identify risk factors.
• Conducted literature reviews, contacted manufacturers, and performed a product trial of a new cervical collar.
• Developed and implemented educational programs on skin care and proper collar fitting.

Main Results:

• Identified cervical collar construction as a primary cause of pressure ulcers.
• A product trial involving 20 patients using the new collar resulted in zero instances of skin breakdown.
• Implemented changes included an enhanced skin care regimen, fitting education, and adoption of the new collar.

Conclusions:

• The design of previous cervical collars was a significant factor in pressure ulcer formation.
• The new cervical collar, combined with improved patient care protocols, effectively prevented skin breakdown.
• Multidisciplinary collaboration and product evaluation are key to mitigating device-related complications.