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Randomized single-subject experimental designs

E S Edgington1

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada.

Behaviour Research and Therapy
|July 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary
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This study highlights the critical role of randomization in single-subject research for valid statistical inference. It introduces randomization tests and designs to improve internal validity in experiments.

Area of Science:

  • Behavioral Science
  • Experimental Psychology
  • Research Methodology

Background:

  • Traditional single-subject methodology texts often omit randomization and randomization tests.
  • This omission leaves researchers unaware of randomization's importance for valid statistical inference.
  • Existing literature inadequately covers randomization's role in controlling threats to internal validity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explain the necessity of randomization in single-subject research.
  • To introduce randomized single-subject designs and their applications.
  • To provide guidance on statistical tests, including randomization tests, for single-subject experiments.

Main Methods:

  • The article explains the function of randomization in controlling internal validity threats.

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  • It presents various randomized single-subject designs and their practical uses.
  • Appropriate rank tests are identified, and resources for statistical software are supplied.

    • Main Results:

    • Randomization is essential for drawing statistically valid inferences about treatment effects in single-subject studies.
    • Randomized designs enhance control over major threats to internal validity.
    • Specific statistical tests and software are recommended for analyzing randomized single-subject data.

    Conclusions:

    • Incorporating randomization and randomization tests strengthens single-subject experimental designs.
    • Researchers can improve the validity of their findings by employing these methods.
    • This work provides a foundation for utilizing randomization in single-subject research.