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Related Experiment Videos

Transmission of paratuberculosis

R W Sweeney1

  • 1Department of Clinical Studies, New Bolton-Center, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Kennett Square, USA.

The Veterinary Clinics of North America. Food Animal Practice
|July 1, 1996
PubMed
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The primary transmission of paratuberculosis occurs when calves ingest Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) from infected cow feces. Disease severity depends on the dose and animal age, with young calves being most susceptible.

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Medicine
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Bacteriology

Background:

  • Paratuberculosis, caused by Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP), is a significant concern in cattle populations.
  • Understanding transmission routes is crucial for effective disease control and prevention strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the primary transmission routes of paratuberculosis in cattle.
  • To identify factors influencing disease severity and progression.

Main Methods:

  • The study focuses on analyzing the epidemiology of paratuberculosis transmission.
  • Key transmission routes including fecal-oral ingestion, transplacental, and milk/colostrum shedding were evaluated.

Main Results:

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  • Oral ingestion of MAP from infected feces is the predominant route for calf infection shortly after birth.
  • Disease progression and severity are directly correlated with the quantity of MAP ingested and the age of the animal at exposure.
  • While less significant, transplacental transmission and shedding in milk/colostrum are potential concerns, especially in advanced infection stages.

    • Conclusions:

    • Calfhood fecal-oral exposure to MAP is the most critical factor in paratuberculosis transmission.
    • Age-dependent resistance suggests that adult cattle may tolerate larger doses, but newborn calves are highly susceptible.
    • Controlling fecal shedding and managing milk/colostrum hygiene are important for mitigating transmission risks.