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Marked decrease of plasma neuroactive steroids during alcohol withdrawal

E Romeo1, A Brancati, A De Lorenzo

  • 1Department of Physiology, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy.

Clinical Neuropharmacology
|August 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary
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Reduced levels of neuroactive steroids allopregnanolone (ALLO) and allotet-rahydrodeoxycorticosterone (THDOC) correlate with increased anxiety and depression during early alcohol withdrawal. Lowered steroid biosynthesis may contribute to these withdrawal symptoms.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Endocrinology
  • Psychiatry

Background:

  • Neuroactive steroids like allopregnanolone (ALLO) and allotet-rahydrodeoxycorticosterone (THDOC) are potent positive modulators of GABAergic neurotransmission via GABAA receptors.
  • GABAA receptor system is implicated in mediating behavioral responses to alcohol withdrawal.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between plasma levels of neuroactive steroids (ALLO and THDOC) and the severity of alcohol withdrawal symptoms.
  • To explore the role of neuroactive steroid biosynthesis in the manifestation of anxiety and depression during alcohol withdrawal.

Main Methods:

  • Blood samples were collected from nine alcoholic subjects during early (days 4-5) and late alcohol withdrawal phases.
  • Plasma levels of ALLO and THDOC were measured and compared between alcoholic subjects and control subjects.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Anxiety and depression scores were assessed and correlated with neuroactive steroid levels.

    • Main Results:

    • During early alcohol withdrawal, alcoholic subjects exhibited significantly lower plasma levels of ALLO and THDOC compared to controls.
    • These lower neuroactive steroid levels in early withdrawal correlated with higher scores for anxiety and depression.
    • In the late withdrawal phase, plasma ALLO and THDOC levels in alcoholic subjects did not differ from controls, coinciding with lower anxiety and depression scores.

    Conclusions:

    • A decrease in neuroactive steroid biosynthesis may contribute to the emergence of anxiety and depression symptoms during early alcohol withdrawal.
    • These findings suggest a potential therapeutic target for managing alcohol withdrawal symptoms by modulating neuroactive steroid levels.