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The neural cell adhesion molecule NCAM in multiple myeloma
U Kaiser1, B Auerbach, M Oldenburg
1Zentrum Innere Medizin, Abt.Hamatologie/Onkologie, Philipps-Universitat, Research Laboratories, Behringwerke AG, Marburg, Germany.
Leukemia & Lymphoma
|February 1, 1996
Summary
Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule (NCAM) is found on malignant plasma cells, not normal ones. Elevated serum NCAM levels in multiple myeloma patients indicate tumor progression, not just mass.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Immunology
- Oncology
Background:
- Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule (NCAM) is a glycoprotein in the immunoglobulin superfamily.
- NCAM is expressed on neural cells, neuroendocrine tumors, and malignant plasma cells.
- NCAM's role is linked to tumor invasion and metastasis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the expression and significance of NCAM in multiple myeloma.
- To determine if serum NCAM levels correlate with disease progression or tumor burden.
Main Methods:
- Flow cytometry using anti-CD56 antibodies to measure surface NCAM expression.
- Chemiluminescence immunoassay to detect serum levels of an NCAM isoform (eNCAM).
Main Results:
- Malignant plasma cells express NCAM, unlike normal plasma cells.
- Leukemic myelomas and cell lines tend to lose NCAM surface expression.
- Elevated serum eNCAM levels are observed in multiple myeloma patients, particularly those with progressive disease.
- Serum NCAM levels correlate with tumor progression, not tumor mass.
Conclusions:
- Serum NCAM is a potential biomarker for monitoring multiple myeloma progression.
- Increased serum NCAM may indicate a loss of cellular adhesive function in myeloma cells.