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'alpha pattern coma' following cerebral anoxia

J Alving, M Møller, E Sindrup

    Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology
    |July 1, 1979
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Electroencephalogram (EEG) alpha frequency activity was observed in comatose patients post-cardiac arrest. This brainwave pattern, often seen in the occipital region, was associated with poor neurological outcomes and survival.

    Area of Science:

    • Neurology
    • Neurophysiology

    Background:

    • Coma following cardiac arrest is a critical condition with significant neurological implications.
    • Electroencephalography (EEG) is a key diagnostic tool for assessing brain function in critically ill patients.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the presence and characteristics of alpha frequency activity on EEG in comatose patients after cardiac arrest.
    • To correlate EEG findings with patient outcomes, including survival and neurological deficits.

    Main Methods:

    • EEG recordings were performed on 30 comatose patients following cardiac arrest.
    • Analysis focused on the presence, distribution, and persistence of alpha frequency activity.
    • Patient outcomes were assessed, including survival, level of consciousness, and cognitive function.

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    Main Results:

    • Alpha frequency activity was detected in all 30 patients, often diffusely or pronounced in the occipital region.
    • In 50% of patients with serial EEGs, the alpha rhythm persisted.
    • Only one patient survived with severe mental deficits; 3 others with improved consciousness died from cerebral anoxia.

    Conclusions:

    • The presence of EEG alpha frequency activity in comatose patients post-cardiac arrest is common.
    • This finding is associated with a grim prognosis, indicating severe cerebral anoxia and poor neurological outcomes.
    • EEG alpha activity may serve as an indicator of non-survivability or severe brain injury in this patient population.