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Criterion variability in problem-drinking research on college students

E J Heck1, M D Williams

  • 1Department of Counseling Psychology, University of Kansas, Lawrence 66045, USA.

Journal of Substance Abuse
|January 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary
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Research on college student problem drinking (PD) and heavy drinking (HD) lacks consistent definitions. This review highlights variations in criteria used in studies from 1974-1993, impacting prevalence rates and gender comparisons.

Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Research on college student problem drinking (PD) and heavy drinking (HD) is hindered by inconsistent definitions and criteria.
  • This inconsistency complicates comparisons across studies and the understanding of prevalence rates.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and analyze the criteria used to define PD and HD in college student populations between 1974 and 1993.
  • To identify areas of uniformity and inconsistency in diagnostic criteria and their effects on reported prevalence rates.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of 23 studies on college students' PD and HD published between 1974 and 1993.
  • Analysis focused on studies utilizing random sampling, examining specific criteria, sample characteristics, and reported prevalence rates.

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Main Results:

  • Significant variations were found in the criteria used to define PD and HD across the reviewed studies.
  • These criterion variations influenced the reported prevalence rates of problem and heavy drinking.
  • A notable inconsistency was the absence of gender-differentiated criteria in most studies.

Conclusions:

  • The lack of standardized criteria for PD and HD in college students presents a persistent challenge for research.
  • Variations in definitions directly impact the understanding of drinking behaviors and prevalence within this demographic.
  • Future research requires consistent, validated criteria, including gender-specific considerations, for accurate assessment.