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Folate receptors

A C Antony1

  • 1Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis 46202-5121, USA.

Annual Review of Nutrition
|January 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary

Glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol-anchored folate receptors (FR) are crucial for folate transport, with implications in cancer and pregnancy. Their expression and function are complex, offering novel therapeutic targeting strategies.

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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Medicine
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol-anchored folate receptors (FR) mediate cellular folate transport.
  • Three FR isoforms exist with varying affinities and expression patterns.
  • The exact mechanism of folate entry via FR is still debated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the physiological and pharmacological roles of folate receptors.
  • To discuss the controversial mechanisms of folate uptake.
  • To explore therapeutic strategies targeting FR.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on folate receptor function.
  • Analysis of expression patterns in normal and malignant tissues.
  • Examination of the relationship between FR expression and cell proliferation.

Main Results:

  • FR expression influences cell survival in low-folate conditions.
  • An inverse relationship between FR expression and cell proliferation is observed in some cell types.
  • FR expression is inversely regulated by extracellular folate concentration.

Conclusions:

  • FR play significant roles in folate transport, cancer, and maternal-fetal health.
  • FR-targeted therapies, like folate-tagged liposomes, offer novel treatment avenues.
  • Understanding FR heterogeneity is key for therapeutic development.

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