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Dengue hemorrhagic fever

L Rosen1

  • 1Institut Pasteur de Guyane.

Bulletin De La Societe De Pathologie Exotique (1990)
|January 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) emerged in Southeast Asia after the 1950s, becoming a major childhood health issue. Current theories, including viral strain virulence and immune enhancement, attempt to explain DHF

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Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Dengue fever, known for over 200 years, was historically considered mild.
  • Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) emerged as a significant cause of childhood illness and death in Southeast Asia post-1950s.

Observation:

  • The initial hypothesis of viral mutation causing increased DHF virulence was discarded.
  • The "secondary infection" or "immune enhancement" theory, suggesting increased severity upon reinfection, gained favor but faces observational inconsistencies.
  • Recent molecular biology advances indicate varying virulence among dengue virus strains.

Findings:

  • Virulence differences among dengue virus strains are now recognized.
  • Urbanization and increased travel may have facilitated the selection of more virulent dengue strains by the Aedes aegypti vector.

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  • Distinguishing between DHF and dengue fever with hemorrhages lacks clear pathogenic or prognostic basis, complicating clinical assessment.

    • Implications:

    • Dengue, particularly DHF, remains a significant and evolving global public health challenge.
    • Further research into viral strain characteristics and vector dynamics is crucial for effective dengue control.
    • Standardized diagnostic criteria are needed to improve clinical management and epidemiological surveillance of dengue.