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Myopia associated with hyperbaric oxygen therapy

M E Ross1, D P Yolton, R L Yolton

  • 1College of Optometry, Pacific University, Forest Grove, Oregon, USA.

Optometry and Vision Science : Official Publication of the American Academy of Optometry
|July 1, 1996
PubMed
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Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) can cause myopia progression in some patients. This study found no clear link to oxidative stress markers, suggesting other factors may be involved in HBOT-induced vision changes.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Hyperbaric Medicine
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) treats soft tissue diseases with high oxygen concentrations.
  • Potential side effects include cataracts and myopia progression.
  • The mechanisms behind these visual changes are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between HBOT and changes in visual acuity and refractive error.
  • To explore potential links between myopia progression and oxidative stress markers during HBOT.
  • To assess the efficacy of antioxidant supplements in mitigating HBOT-induced visual changes.

Main Methods:

  • Eight subjects undergoing HBOT had their vision and refractive errors measured pre- and post-therapy.
  • Corneal curvature and ocular ultrasound were performed on a subset of participants.

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  • Blood analyses assessed oxidative stress, and participants received either placebo or antioxidant supplements.

    • Main Results:

    • No significant vision changes occurred after individual HBOT sessions.
    • Two out of eight subjects developed significant myopia over the course of 20 HBOT sessions.
    • No correlation was found between myopia progression and measured ultrasound, corneal, or blood analysis data.

    Conclusions:

    • While oxidative damage to lens proteins is a theoretical cause of myopia increase, biochemical assays did not predict susceptibility.
    • The study did not identify specific biomarkers for predicting or explaining HBOT-induced myopia.
    • Further research is needed to elucidate the mechanisms of visual side effects from HBOT.