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Nitric oxide and the myometrium

J Norman1

  • 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, University of Glasgow, UK.

Pharmacology & Therapeutics
|January 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary

Nitric oxide (NO) relaxes uterine smooth muscle, suggesting a role in maintaining pregnancy. NO donors may treat preterm labor by inhibiting contractions.

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive biology
  • Physiology

Background:

  • Nitric oxide (NO) is a known smooth muscle relaxant.
  • Recent evidence indicates NO also relaxes the myometrium.
  • NO is produced in the female genital tract during pregnancy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the evidence for NO's physiological role in pregnancy maintenance.
  • To explore the potential pharmacological use of NO donors in treating preterm labor.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on nitric oxide in pregnancy and parturition.
  • Analysis of evidence for NO's effects on myometrial contractility.

Main Results:

  • NO exhibits a relaxant (tocolytic) effect on the myometrium.
  • Reduced NO synthesis may be linked to the onset of parturition.
  • NO is also present in the nonpregnant myometrium, potentially aiding implantation and preventing dysmenorrhea.

Conclusions:

  • Nitric oxide plays a physiological role in maintaining pregnancy.
  • NO donors show promise for pharmacological intervention in preterm labor.

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