Preferential sites for arterial blood sampling in cattle

Area of Science:

• Veterinary Medicine
• Animal Physiology
• Diagnostic Techniques

Background:

• Accurate arterial blood gas analysis is crucial for assessing the physiological status of cattle.
• Reliable and feasible methods for arterial blood sampling are essential for veterinary diagnostics in calves and adult dairy cows.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate and compare the feasibility and reliability of various arterial blood sampling techniques in cattle.
• To identify optimal arterial sampling sites for both young calves and adult dairy cows under different conditions.

Main Methods:

• Comparison of multiple arterial access points including the intermediate branch of the caudal auricular artery, common carotid artery, brachial artery, common palmar digital artery, saphenous artery, facial artery, axillary artery, and median caudal artery.
• Assessment of ease of use and reliability in both calves and adult dairy cows, considering animal posture (standing vs. recumbent).

Main Results:

• The intermediate branch of the caudal auricular artery was consistently easy to access and reliable in all age groups.
• The common carotid artery was suitable for standing animals.
• In recumbent animals, the brachial and common palmar digital arteries were viable in calves under six months, while the saphenous artery was suitable for both young and adult cattle. The facial, axillary, and median caudal arteries were found to be difficult or unreliable.

Conclusions:

• The intermediate branch of the caudal auricular artery is recommended as a primary site for arterial blood sampling in cattle due to its versatility.
• Site selection for arterial blood sampling should consider the animal's age and recumbency status to ensure feasibility and reliability.