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Chromosome spreading techniques for primary gastrointestinal tumors
K Sasai1, R Tanaka, M Kawamura
1Department of Radiology, Yamaguchi University, School of Medicine, Japan.
Journal of Gastroenterology
|August 1, 1996
Summary
New cytogenetic techniques improve chromosome analysis in gastrointestinal tumors. These methods yield more analyzable metaphases from biopsy samples, aiding in accurate karyotype determination without altering genetic information.
Area of Science:
- Cytogenetics
- Oncology
- Molecular Biology
Background:
- Cytogenetic analysis of gastrointestinal tumors requires well-spread chromosomes.
- Existing methods may not provide sufficient metaphases for accurate karyotyping.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop novel techniques for enhanced chromosome spreading in gastrointestinal tumor samples.
- To improve the yield of analyzable metaphases for cytogenetic and FISH analysis.
Main Methods:
- Preliminary incubation with collagenase, Dispase, and colcemid.
- Treatment with a hypotonic solution (0.044M KCl).
- Application to 11 gastrointestinal malignancies, including gastric and colon cancers.
Main Results:
- Significant increases in metaphases for analyzable karyotypes (P < 0.01) compared to standard methods.
- Mean metaphase values of 37.0% for gastric and 44.7% for colon cancers.
- Demonstrated deletion of chromosome 17 long arm via FISH in one tumor sample.
Conclusions:
- The new techniques yield sufficient metaphases without tissue culture, preventing karyotype alteration.
- The method is suitable for small biopsy specimens.
- This approach is valuable for studies utilizing fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH).