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Related Experiment Videos

Altered pulsatile insulin secretion associated with endurance training

J H Engdahl1, J D Veldhuis, P A Farrell

  • 1Department of Exercise and Sport Science, Pennsylvania State University, University Park 16802, USA.

Journal of Applied Physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985)
|December 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary

Endurance exercise training in men alters insulin secretion profiles, reducing the amount of insulin released per pulse. This suggests improved insulin sensitivity may lower the body's need for frequent insulin bursts.

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Exercise Physiology
  • Metabolic Health

Background:

  • Endurance exercise training enhances insulin action on target tissues.
  • Hormone action, including insulin, can be potentiated by pulsatile delivery.
  • The impact of endurance training on insulin secretory pulse characteristics is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To test the hypothesis that endurance-trained (T) men exhibit different insulin secretory pulse profiles compared to sedentary (UT) men.
  • To investigate the relationship between endurance exercise and the dynamics of insulin secretion.

Main Methods:

  • Studied seven endurance-trained and seven sedentary, age- and weight-matched men with normal glucose tolerance.
  • Collected arterialized venous blood samples at 1-minute intervals for 120 minutes after an overnight fast.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Quantified insulin pulse profile characteristics using deconvolution analysis.

    • Main Results:

    • Endurance-trained men showed significantly lower insulin secretion per pulse (mass and peak height) compared to sedentary men.
    • The rate of insulin production and mean plasma insulin concentration were also reduced in trained individuals.
    • Interpulse intervals and burst durations were similar between groups; basal insulin secretion did not differ significantly.

    Conclusions:

    • Regular endurance exercise is associated with an altered insulin pulse profile, characterized by reduced insulin output per burst.
    • These findings suggest that training-induced improvements in insulin sensitivity may decrease the physiological requirement for pulsatile insulin secretion.
    • The study provides a working hypothesis linking enhanced target-tissue insulin sensitivity to modified insulin secretory dynamics.