Immunological identification of A1 adenosine receptors in brain cortex

The A1 adenosine receptor from pig brain cortex has been identified by means of two antipeptide antibodies against two domains of the receptor molecule: PC/10 antiserum was raised against a part of the third intracellular loop, and PC/20 antiserum was raised against a part of the second extracellular loop. PC/10 antibody was able to recognize a 39-kDa band that corresponded to the A1 receptor, as demonstrated by immunoblotting and by immunoprecipitation of the molecule cross-linked to [125I](R)-2-azido-N2-p-hydroxy(phenylisopropyl)adenosine. Besides the 39-kDa band, PC/20 also recognized a 74-kDa form that does not seem to correspond to a receptor-G protein complex. The occurrence of the two bands was detected and analyzed in samples from different species and tissues showing a heterogeneous distribution of both. The 74-kDa form can be converted into the 39-kDa form by treatment with agonists or antagonists of A1 adenosine receptors. These results suggest that A1 adenosine receptor can occur in dimers and that the dimer-monomer conversion might be regulated by adenosine as the physiological ligand. Since the 74-kDa aggregates were not recognized by PC/10, it is likely that part of the third intracellular loop participates in the protein-protein interaction.