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Transcranial magnetic stimulation. Negative effects

M Hallett1

  • 1National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-1428, USA.

Advances in Neurology
|January 1, 1995
PubMed
Summary
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Positive and negative myoclonus originate from transient motor cortex events. These distinct cortical phenomena, positive myoclonus and negative myoclonus (asterixis), may involve different physiological substrates and pharmacologies.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Neurology
  • Motor Control

Background:

  • Myoclonus is characterized by brief, involuntary muscle jerks.
  • Motor cortex activity is implicated in the generation of various movement disorders.
  • Understanding the neural basis of myoclonus is crucial for developing targeted therapies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the cortical mechanisms underlying positive and negative myoclonus.
  • To differentiate the physiological substrates of these two myoclonus types.
  • To explore potential pharmacological differences between positive and negative myoclonus.

Main Methods:

  • The study proposes a theoretical framework based on existing literature.
  • It analyzes the concept of focal transient cortical activation and depression.

Related Experiment Videos

  • It differentiates between positive and negative motor events.

    • Main Results:

    • Positive myoclonus is linked to brief, focal activation of the motor cortex.
    • Negative myoclonus (asterixis) results from transient functional depression in the motor cortex.
    • Both positive and negative events can occur independently or concurrently.

    Conclusions:

    • The motor cortex is the likely origin for both positive and negative myoclonus.
    • Distinct physiological substrates in the cortex appear responsible for each phenomenon.
    • Pharmacological interventions may need to be tailored based on the specific type of myoclonus.