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Hormone replacement therapy and cardiovascular disease

S Gupta1, J Rymer

  • 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Guy's Hospital, London, UK.

International Journal of Gynaecology and Obstetrics: the Official Organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics
|February 1, 1996
PubMed
Summary

Estrogen replacement therapy significantly reduces cardiovascular disease risk in postmenopausal women. Hormone replacement therapy, including progestogens, appears safe for cardiovascular protection, warranting further research.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Endocrinology
  • Women's Health

Background:

  • Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a leading cause of mortality in postmenopausal women.
  • These women exhibit an increased cardiovascular risk profile, including android obesity, hyperinsulinemia, impaired glucose tolerance, insulin resistance, and dyslipidemia (elevated LDL, VLDL, triglycerides, and lipoprotein (a)).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the existing literature on hormone replacement therapy (HRT) and its impact on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in postmenopausal women.
  • To make recommendations for future clinical practice and research.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive literature review was conducted.
  • Evidence regarding the cardiovascular effects of estrogen replacement therapy (ERT) and combined hormone replacement therapy (HRT) was analyzed.

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Main Results:

  • Estrogen replacement therapy (ERT) demonstrates a significant reduction in the relative risk of cardiovascular disease.
  • The inclusion of progestogens in HRT regimens, based on current evidence, does not appear to negatively impact cardiovascular protection.

Conclusions:

  • Estrogen replacement therapy offers significant cardiovascular benefits for postmenopausal women.
  • Current evidence suggests HRT with progestogens is safe concerning cardiovascular protection, but further investigation is recommended.